![]() ![]() The main threats to the Eastern Milksnake in Canada include: urban, industrial, and intense agricultural development persecution road mortality removal of old farm buildings disturbance from human recreation predation by domestic animals mortality caused by agricultural equipment and collection for the pet trade. As a result, even slight increases in adult mortality can cause populations to decline. Eastern Milksnakes are long-lived, have delayed sexual maturity, and females may only lay a clutch of eggs every second year. In addition, the resiliency of Eastern Milksnake populations may be constrained by the species' life history characteristics. The species requires suitable cover for egg-laying, hibernation, and thermoregulation Footnote1.Īlthough limiting factors are not well-known in Canada, the range of the Eastern Milksnake is thought to be limited by temperature and by suitable habitat for egg-laying within its Canadian range. The Eastern Milksnake is known to inhabit a wide variety of natural and human-modified habitats including prairies, meadows, pastures, hayfields, rocky outcrops, rocky hillsides and forests. The current distribution of the Eastern Milksnake within its known range in Canada is not fully understood and there is insufficient information available to assess trends in the species' abundance or distribution. It also occurs in southwestern Quebec, particularly near Montreal, Montérégie, and the Gatineau areas. In Canada, the Eastern Milksnake ranges throughout southern Ontario as far north as Sault Ste. The Eastern Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum) is a non-venomous constrictor in the family Colubridae. ![]() Contributions and advice from Sylvain Giguère, Mark Dionne, and Gabrielle Fortin (Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service – Quebec), Karine Bériault (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources), James Paterson (Ontario Nature), conservation data centers and herpetofunal atlas projects are also gratefully acknowledged.Īcknowledgement and thanks is given to all other parties that provided advice and input used to help inform the development of this management plan including various Aboriginal organizations and individuals, individual citizens, and stakeholders who provided input and/or participated in consultation meetings. It was updated and revised by Rachel deCatanzaro and Lee Voisin (Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service – Ontario), Tianna Burke, and Louis Gagnon (formerly of Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service – Ontario). Pearce (Pearce and Associates Ecological Research) and David Anthony Kirk (Aquila Conservation and Environment Consulting) with input and direction from Angela McConnell (Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service – Ontario). ![]() This management plan was drafted by Jennie L. Implementation of this management plan is subject to appropriations, priorities, and budgetary constraints of the participating jurisdictions and organizations. All Canadians are invited to join in supporting and implementing this management plan for the benefit of the Eastern Milksnake and Canadian society as a whole. Success in the conservation of this species depends on the commitment and cooperation of many different constituencies that will be involved in implementing the directions set out in this management plan and will not be achieved by Environment Canada, or any other jurisdiction alone. To the extent possible, it has been prepared in cooperation with the Government of Ontario and the Government of Quebec. The Minister of the Environment and Minister responsible for Parks Canada Agency is the competent minister under SARA for the Eastern Milksnake and has prepared this management plan as per section 65 of SARA. 2002, c.29) (SARA), the federal competent ministers are responsible for the preparation of management plans for listed species of special concern and are required to report on progress within five years after the publication of the final document on the SAR Public Registry. The federal, provincial, and territorial government signatories under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996) agreed to establish complementary legislation and programs that provide for effective protection of species at risk throughout Canada. ![]()
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